安科瑞 繆凱倫

0引言 ??

建筑能(neng)耗系統，除了基本的電力參數監測、配(pei)電系統的安全運行(xing)狀況，更加(jia)關注能(neng)耗的去向。除了常規的園(yuan)區樓層出線電能(neng)計(ji)量，還會涉(she)及水，氣(qi)等(deng)能(neng)耗計(ji)量。   ??

針對上(shang)海(hai)交通大學(xue)閔行校區(qu)理(li)(li)科(ke)實(shi)驗(yan)樓群能(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)測系統(tong)的具(ju)體(ti)要(yao)求(qiu)，以及現(xian)場實(shi)際(ji)配電(dian)(dian)回(hui)(hui)路的改造條件。設計(ji)一(yi)套(tao)能(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)測系統(tong)，通過監(jian)測回(hui)(hui)路重要(yao)電(dian)(dian)力參數，采集、存儲、顯示(shi)，為(wei)管理(li)(li)者提供一(yi)手的電(dian)(dian)力數據。本文(wen)以上(shang)海(hai)交通大學(xue)理(li)(li)科(ke)實(shi)驗(yan)樓項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)為(wei)例(li)，簡(jian)單介(jie)紹安科(ke)瑞能(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)測系統(tong)在具(ju)體(ti)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中的應用。

1項目介紹 ??

本(ben)工(gong)程為(wei)上海(hai)交通大(da)學閔行校區理科實驗樓群。本(ben)項目(mu)共(gong)計5棟教學樓，共(gong)計能耗點(dian)位287個。現在針對(dui)實驗樓群設計一套能耗系統掌握整個項目(mu)的用能情況。   ??

建筑(zhu)能(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)測主(zhu)要是針對建筑(zhu)內(nei)用能(neng)進行分類(lei)、分項統計，并(bing)通過(guo)同比，環比等方式對比用能(neng)，同時(shi)用多種曲線顯示整個建筑(zhu)內(nei)的各(ge)類(lei)用能(neng)、各(ge)區域用能(neng)的趨勢。同時(shi)相關數據也可以(yi)通過(guo)報表(biao)形式導出存(cun)儲。   ??

針對本項目的建筑規模(mo)以及(ji)性(xing)質(zhi)，當前采用安科瑞能耗監測(ce)系統來對建筑內用能進行分析。

2項目功能設計 ??

本項目中(zhong)主(zhu)要是實驗室配電箱進出線用(yong)能數據的采集、存(cun)儲、統計、顯(xian)示。基本的需求整理分析后(hou)分為以下幾個(ge)方(fang)面：   ??

1)重要(yao)配電回路(lu)的用能(neng)數據的智能(neng)采集。   ??

2)建筑(zhu)內用水的數據(ju)采(cai)集，。   ??

3)可(ke)以通過趨勢(shi)曲線反應建筑的用能趨勢(shi)。   ??

4)建筑(zhu)內的用能可以通過同比(bi)，環(huan)比(bi)等形(xing)式進行數(shu)據對(dui)比(bi)。   ??

5)可(ke)根據業(ye)主的管理方式定(ding)制(zhi)部分(fen)用能(neng)報表，滿(man)足部分(fen)管理需求(qiu)。   ??

6)預留(liu)數(shu)據(ju)接(jie)(jie)口對接(jie)(jie)學校數(shu)據(ju)中心，實現數(shu)據(ju)的無縫(feng)對接(jie)(jie)

3設計方案

3.1參(can)考標準     系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)滿(man)足以下所列制造和(he)試驗標準：   GB 50052      《供(gong)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》   GB 50054      《低壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》   GB/T 50063          《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)儀(yi)表(biao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》   DL/T 448          《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)技術管理(li)規(gui)程》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——分(fen)項能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)技術導則(ze)》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——分(fen)項能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)傳輸技術導則(ze)》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——樓宇分(fen)項計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)技術導則(ze)》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中心建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)與(yu)維護(hu)技術導則(ze)》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、驗收與(yu)運行(xing)管理(li)規(gui)范(fan)》   《國(guo)家機關(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)——軟(ruan)件開發指導說明(ming)書(shu)》   3.2 系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)架構設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)   ??本(ben)項目(mu)(mu)屬于群樓模式(shi)，針對(dui)其具體的(de)位置(zhi)，在每棟(dong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)一套采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)設(she)(she)(she)備，完成數(shu)(shu)據(ju)的(de)集(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)。采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)器和(he)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)后臺之(zhi)間通過組建(jian)(jian)光(guang)纖環(huan)網，實(shi)現整體系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)網絡層(ceng)的(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)搭建(jian)(jian)。   ??建(jian)(jian)于本(ben)項目(mu)(mu)底層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣火災(zai)(zai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)和(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)同步測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)實(shi)際需求，本(ben)項目(mu)(mu)中部分(fen)出線回路為其選用(yong)了ARCM200L-Z2型(xing)(xing)雙通訊(xun)儀(yi)表(biao)，此(ci)款儀(yi)表(biao)技能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等常(chang)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參(can)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，還能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣火災(zai)(zai)的(de)重要參(can)量(liang)(liang)(liang)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、溫度。儀(yi)表(biao)配(pei)置(zhi)雙通訊(xun)接口，滿(man)足兩套系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)實(shi)時集(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)。本(ben)項目(mu)(mu)單體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)如下圖所示：

4 系統功能      

上位機(ji)軟(ruan)件采用(yong)能耗監(jian)測系(xi)統，通過(guo)軟(ruan)件進行設(she)備配置、數據庫變量配置、界面設(she)計等，完成了(le)在上位機(ji)軟(ruan)件監(jian)控及(ji)能耗數據監(jian)測的功(gong)能。

4.1 功能特點

系(xi)(xi)統采用(yong)全中文界(jie)面(mian)，操作(zuo)簡單方便；運(yun)行(xing)穩定可靠的特點。能耗系(xi)(xi)統通過對用(yong)能數(shu)據(ju)的整理(li)，分析(xi)，通過各種圖形報(bao)表(biao)，通過不同的界(jie)面(mian)，形象(xiang)顯示(shi)各個回路(lu)用(yong)能的趨勢(shi)狀態，實(shi)現整個園區能耗數(shu)據(ju)的整體監測。除此之外系(xi)(xi)統具有人機(ji)界(jie)面(mian)友好，顯示(shi)數(shu)據(ju)直觀(guan)，方便用(yong)戶查閱。

4.2 軟件功能：

4.2.1能耗概況

能(neng)耗概況主要明確園(yuan)區的項目信息(xi)，以(yi)及總體(ti)用(yong)能(neng)。

4.2.2 支路用(yong)能

系統可(ke)以(yi)根(gen)據分類能(neng)耗的(de)支路名(ming)稱(cheng)查詢用(yong)(yong)能(neng)情況，顯示當(dang)日和當(dang)月的(de)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)峰值（電(dian)能(neng)對應需量值）、當(dang)日用(yong)(yong)能(neng)、當(dang)月用(yong)(yong)能(neng)、當(dang)年用(yong)(yong)能(neng)以(yi)及昨天同(tong)期用(yong)(yong)能(neng)、上月同(tong)期用(yong)(yong)能(neng)、上年同(tong)期用(yong)(yong)能(neng)的(de)比(bi)較(jiao)情況。

4.2.3 能耗報表(biao)   ??

系統可以統計各(ge)支路某(mou)段時間內逐日、逐周、逐月、逐季、逐年用能。

4.2.4 參(can)數查詢   ??

查詢各回(hui)路(lu)戓支路(lu)某段時(shi)間內的參(can)數，以(yi)曲線(xian)(xian)的形式(shi)反映趨勢（具體可(ke)(ke)以(yi)查詢的參(can)數與安裝的儀(yi)表有關，查詢時(shi)不能(neng)跨月(yue)，且繪制曲線(xian)(xian)時(shi)以(yi)1分鐘為間隔），電力參(can)數可(ke)(ke)以(yi)多選。

4.2.5 基礎數據配置   ??

系統(tong)可根據項目實際情(qing)況配置每塊智能儀表所屬的能耗類(lei)型和分項、歸屬區域(yu)、設備(bei)類(lei)型，這些數據將作為用能分析的基礎信息。

5 結束語 ??

項目(mu)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監測(ce)系統實現(xian)了(le)(le)建筑總體(ti)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)的(de)(de)數據(ju)集采，預留的(de)(de)數據(ju)接口，可以滿足(zu)后期政府區域平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)數據(ju)上傳，還能(neng)(neng)(neng)實現(xian)數據(ju)和學(xue)校平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)同步。在(zai)(zai)數據(ju)處理(li)上面根據(ju)相關導則實現(xian)了(le)(le)數據(ju)的(de)(de)分類分項，為后續的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)管(guan)理(li)，梳理(li)好(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)的(de)(de)數據(ju)思(si)路(lu)。除(chu)了(le)(le)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)監測(ce)系統，我司還能(neng)(neng)(neng)提供電力(li)監控、諧波治理(li)、學(xue)校類型的(de)(de)變配電運維云平(ping)臺(tai)等(deng)解(jie)決方案(an)。可以滿足(zu)用戶端在(zai)(zai)電力(li)計(ji)量(liang)，電氣安全(quan)等(deng)方面的(de)(de)其(qi)他需(xu)求。