安科瑞 繆凱倫

       摘 要：現(xian)如今，微機(ji)保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)，其能(neng)(neng)夠監測電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統的(de)(de)運(yun)行狀況，并(bing)實(shi)時記錄電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統出(chu)現(xian)故障的(de)(de)位置(zhi)及性質，從(cong)而為故障的(de)(de)快(kuai)速處理提(ti)供參考信(xin)息。本(ben)文介(jie)紹的(de)(de)AM5系(xi)列微機(ji)保護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)針對鴻盛(sheng)環保集團衢州項目配電(dian)工程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)不同保護(hu)(hu)對象提(ti)供保護(hu)(hu)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，并(bing)且(qie)通過電(dian)力(li)監控(kong)系(xi)統采集相關遙測、遙信(xin)數據進(jin)行實(shi)時監控(kong)，大大提(ti)高(gao)變電(dian)站運(yun)行的(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)性、安全性、提(ti)高(gao)供電(dian)質量(liang)，有利于實(shi)現(xian)變電(dian)站綜合自動化，實(shi)現(xian)無人或少(shao)人值班。

??關鍵詞：安全性(xing)(xing)；穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)；可靠性(xing)(xing)；微機保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置；電力監控系(xi)統(tong)

??1 概述

??浙(zhe)江鴻盛環保科技(ji)集(ji)團(tuan)有限公司坐落在浙(zhe)江省(sheng)衢州市，是國內(nei)一家集(ji)高性(xing)能環保除塵(chen)(chen)濾(lv)料(liao)(liao)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)、制(zhi)造(zao)，技(ji)術服(fu)務(wu)、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)除塵(chen)(chen)設計及(ji)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)煙塵(chen)(chen)治理(li)(li)第三方(fang)(fang)運營管理(li)(li)為(wei)一體的(de)(de)科技(ji)型環保企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鴻盛環保集(ji)團(tuan)已(yi)經建(jian)成有實(shi)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)煙塵(chen)(chen)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)材料(liao)(liao)科研(yan)(yan)及(ji)生產(chan)(chan)基地，從(cong)(cong)材料(liao)(liao)源頭到(dao)成品(pin)出(chu)廠銷(xiao)售(shou)全(quan)部自主(zhu)管控(kong)，確保每個環節(jie)品(pin)質的(de)(de)自主(zhu)的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)。從(cong)(cong)上(shang)游原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)生產(chan)(chan)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)制(zhi)造(zao)下(xia)游第三方(fang)(fang)運營管理(li)(li)，實(shi)現工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)除塵(chen)(chen)領域(yu)全(quan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈資源整合，形成全(quan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈的(de)(de)核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)，構建(jian)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)煙塵(chen)(chen)治理(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)圈，打(da)造(zao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)材料(liao)(liao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核心(xin)。現已(yi)擁有4家企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)3家省(sheng)級技(ji)術研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)，集(ji)團(tuan)下(xia)屬工(gong)(gong)程技(ji)術研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)為(wei)國內(nei)以纖維為(wei)基礎研(yan)(yan)發(fa)濾(lv)袋(dai)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)單位。在行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)優先研(yan)(yan)制(zhi)高硅氧（改性(xing)）覆膜(mo)濾(lv)料(liao)(liao)，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)經過(guo)(guo)121道生產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，致力(li)(li)5mg近(jin)*。精益求精、技(ji)臻善。

??本(ben)項目為(wei)(wei)鴻(hong)盛環保集團衢州項目的(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，共(gong)有(you)三個配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)東廠(chang)區(qu)一號(hao)高壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，東廠(chang)區(qu)二號(hao)高壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，西廠(chang)區(qu)高壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)高壓(ya)(ya)系統中高壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜采(cai)(cai)用KYN28-12A開關(guan)柜共(gong)計26面，控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等級(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)直流110V，高壓(ya)(ya)柜具(ju)有(you)機械閉鎖五(wu)防功能并滿足國家相關(guan)標準。變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)采(cai)(cai)用SCB10系列干式變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)共(gong)計12臺，帶全封(feng)閉外殼，防護等級(ji)(ji)達到IP30，配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)溫(wen)控風(feng)冷(leng)裝(zhuang)置。真空(kong)斷路器(qi)(qi)采(cai)(cai)用型(xing)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)ZN172-12，接地開關(guan)采(cai)(cai)用型(xing)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)JN15-12/31.5KA，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)選用戶(hu)內(nei)環氧(yang)樹脂澆注(zhu)式、全封(feng)閉、全工(gong)(gong)況(kuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)，型(xing)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)LZZBJ9-12。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)選用戶(hu)內(nei)環氧(yang)樹脂澆注(zhu)式，全封(feng)閉、全工(gong)(gong)況(kuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)比為(wei)(wei)(10/√3)/(0.1/√3)/(0.1/3),準確級(ji)(ji)組合 0.5/3P。進(jin)出線方式為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜下進(jin)下出。

Zhejiang Hongsheng Environmental Protection Technology Group Co., Ltd., located in Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, is a domestic scientific and technological environmental protection enterprise integrating R & D and manufacturing of high-performance environmental protection dust removal filter materials, technical services, industrial dust removal design and third-party operation and management of industrial dust control. Hongsheng environmental protection group has built a powerful scientific research and production base of industrial smoke filter materials, which has independent control from the source of materials to the ex factory sales of finished products, so as to ensure the independent control of the quality of each link. From the upstream raw material production, product manufacturing and downstream third-party operation management, realize the resource integration of the whole industrial chain in the field of industrial dust removal, form the core competitiveness of the whole industrial chain, build an industrial smoke control industrial circle, and build the core of the industrial filter material industry. Now it has 4 high-tech enterprises and 3 provincial-level technology research institutes. The Engineering Technology Research Institute under the group is the domestic R & D unit that develops filter bags based on fiber. In the industry, priority is given to the development of high silica (modified) membrane filter material. The product has gone through 121 production processes and is committed to nearly zero emission of 5mg. Keep improving and improve skills.

?? this project is the power distribution project of Quzhou project of Hongsheng environmental protection group. There are three power distribution rooms, namely, No. 1 high-voltage power distribution room in East plant area, No. 2 high-voltage power distribution room in East plant area and high-voltage power distribution room in West plant area. In the high-voltage system of the project, the high-voltage distribution cabinet adopts kyn28-12a switchgear, with a total of 26. The control power supply voltage level is DC 110V. The high-voltage cabinet has the function of mechanical locking and five prevention and meets the relevant national standards. The transformer adopts 12 scb10 series dry-type transformers, with fully enclosed enclosure, protection grade up to IP30, and equipped with temperature control air cooling device. The vacuum circuit breaker is zn172-12, the grounding switch is jn15-12 / 31.5KA, and the indoor epoxy resin cast, fully enclosed and all working condition current transformer is lzzbj9-12. The voltage transformer is indoor epoxy resin casting type, fully enclosed and under all working conditions. The voltage ratio is (10 / √ 3) / (0.1 / √ 3) / (0.1 / 3) and the accuracy level combination is 0.5/3p. The way of incoming and outgoing lines is cable incoming and outgoing.

??2 項目需求

??本次針對(dui)鴻盛環保(bao)集團(tuan)衢州項目的(de)配電工程中不同保(bao)護對(dui)象配置(zhi)(zhi)不同微機(ji)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，10kV進(jin)線柜(ju)(ju)配置(zhi)(zhi)AM5-F線路保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)；10kV饋線柜(ju)(ju)配置(zhi)(zhi)AM5-F線路保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)；10kV變壓器出線柜(ju)(ju)配置(zhi)(zhi)AM5-T變壓器保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。這兩款微機(ji)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)主要(yao)通(tong)過以下保(bao)護功能(neng)實現對(dui)高壓柜(ju)(ju)的(de)設備(bei)運(yun)行情況(kuang)實時監視和保(bao)護：

??1）AM5-F線路保(bao)護裝置

??三段(duan)式過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)（可(ke)(ke)經(jing)(jing)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓閉(bi)鎖、可(ke)(ke)帶方向閉(bi)鎖）、反時限過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)（可(ke)(ke)經(jing)(jing)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓閉(bi)鎖）、兩(liang)段(duan)式零(ling)(ling)序(xu)(xu)I01過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)/反時限過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)/后加(jia)速(su)過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、兩(liang)段(duan)式零(ling)(ling)序(xu)(xu)I02過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)/反時限過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)/后加(jia)速(su)過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、重合閘(zha)(zha)、后加(jia)速(su)過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)（可(ke)(ke)經(jing)(jing)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓閉(bi)鎖）、過(guo)負荷告(gao)警(jing)、過(guo)負荷跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)、失(shi)壓跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)、失(shi)壓告(gao)警(jing)、低(di)(di)頻減載/高頻保(bao)護(hu)(hu)（可(ke)(ke)經(jing)(jing)滑差閉(bi)鎖）、PT斷線告(gao)警(jing)、控故障告(gao)警(jing)、FC回(hui)路配合的過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)閉(bi)鎖功能、非電(dian)(dian)(dian)量保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、逆功率保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、零(ling)(ling)序(xu)(xu)過(guo)壓跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)、零(ling)(ling)序(xu)(xu)過(guo)壓告(gao)警(jing)、過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)、過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓告(gao)警(jing)、二(er)次諧(xie)波閉(bi)鎖、間(jian)歇接地保(bao)護(hu)(hu)

??2）AM5-T變壓器保護裝(zhuang)置

??三段式過(guo)(guo)電流(liu)(liu)保護(hu)（可(ke)經(jing)復合電壓閉鎖(suo)(suo)(suo)、可(ke)經(jing)二次諧波閉鎖(suo)(suo)(suo)）、反時(shi)限過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)保護(hu)（可(ke)經(jing)復合電壓閉鎖(suo)(suo)(suo)）、兩(liang)段式零序(xu)I01過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)/反時(shi)限過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)保護(hu)、兩(liang)段式零序(xu)I02過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)/反時(shi)限過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)保護(hu)、過(guo)(guo)負荷告警、過(guo)(guo)負荷跳閘、PT斷線告警、控(kong)故障告警、FC回路配(pei)合的過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)閉鎖(suo)(suo)(suo)功能、二次諧波閉鎖(suo)(suo)(suo)、間歇接地保護(hu)

??3 產品方案

??本工程10kV配(pei)電(dian)工程共(gong)有(you)3個變電(dian)所，以東廠區一號高(gao)壓配(pei)電(dian)室(shi)為例，該(gai)配(pei)電(dian)室(shi)共(gong)有(you)兩段(duan)母(mu)線(xian)，上圖方案(an)分(fen)別如下：

圖(tu)1 東廠(chang)區一號高(gao)壓配電室上圖(tu)（一）

圖2 東廠(chang)區一號高(gao)壓配電室上圖（二(er)）

??整個配電工程每面高壓柜所設微機保護型號(hao)與(yu)數量(liang)如(ru)下：

??開關柜編(bian)號微(wei)機保護裝(zhuang)置型號微(wei)機保護裝(zhuang)置數(shu)量

??上述(shu)配電(dian)工程共配置(zhi)5臺AM5-F線(xian)路保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)12臺AM5-T變壓器保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，共計44臺微(wei)機保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，此外，本項目(mu)針對低壓各回路配置(zhi)PZ96電(dian)能表(biao)，共計150只。

??4 系統需求

??為實時(shi)監(jian)視整個配電(dian)室(shi)的運行(xing)以及數(shu)據采集，該(gai)項目(mu)配置一套Acrel-2000Z電(dian)力(li)監(jian)控系統，主(zhu)要實現(xian)對三(san)個配電(dian)室(shi)的用電(dian)監(jian)控與管(guan)理(li)。

??Acrel-2000Z電力監控系統可實現(xian)的功能如下：

??1）實(shi)時監(jian)測(ce)：以配電(dian)一(yi)次圖的形式直觀顯示(shi)配電(dian)線路的運(yun)行狀態，可以實(shi)時監(jian)測(ce)各(ge)(ge)回路電(dian)壓、電(dian)流、功率、功率因(yin)數等電(dian)參數信息，動(dong)態監(jian)視各(ge)(ge)配電(dian)回路斷路器、隔離(li)開(kai)關、地刀等合(he)、分閘狀態。

圖3 10kV高(gao)壓(ya)柜(ju)配電監測(ce)界面

圖4 0.4kV低壓柜配電監測界(jie)面

??2）電(dian)參量查(cha)詢：在配電(dian)一次圖(tu)中，可以直(zhi)接查(cha)看該回(hui)路詳細電(dian)參量，包(bao)括三相電(dian)流、三相電(dian)壓、總(zong)(zong)有(you)(you)功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)、總(zong)(zong)無功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)、總(zong)(zong)功(gong)率(lv)因數、正向有(you)(you)功(gong)電(dian)能等。

圖5 歷史電參量曲線查詢

??3）運行(xing)報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)： 查(cha)詢各(ge)回路或設(she)備時間的運行(xing)參(can)數(shu)，報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)中顯(xian)示電(dian)(dian)參(can)量(liang)信(xin)息應包(bao)括：各(ge)相電(dian)(dian)流、三(san)相電(dian)(dian)壓、總功(gong)率因數(shu)、總有功(gong)功(gong)率、總無功(gong)功(gong)率、正向有功(gong)電(dian)(dian)能等，報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)格式(shi)有日(ri)報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)、月報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)、年報(bao)(bao)(bao)表(biao)等。

圖6 10kV高(gao)壓(ya)柜電參量統計報表

圖7 0.4kV高(gao)壓柜電參量統計報表

圖(tu)8 有功電能統(tong)計報表

??4）實時告(gao)警：能夠對配(pei)電回路(lu)斷路(lu)器(qi)、隔離開關(guan)、接地刀分、合動作(zuo)等(deng)遙信變位，保護(hu)動作(zuo)、事故(gu)跳閘(zha)等(deng)事件發出(chu)告(gao)警。

??5）歷史(shi)事(shi)件(jian)查詢：能夠(gou)對遙信變位，保護動作(zuo)、事(shi)故(gu)跳閘，以及電壓、電流(liu)、功率(lv)、功率(lv)因數越限(xian)等事(shi)件(jian)記錄進行存儲和管(guan)理，方便用戶對系統(tong)事(shi)件(jian)和報警信息進行歷史(shi)追(zhui)溯(su)，查詢統(tong)計、事(shi)故(gu)分析。

??6）故障錄波： 能夠在(zai)系統發(fa)生故障時，自動(dong)準(zhun)確地記錄故障前、后(hou)過程的各種(zhong)電(dian)氣量的變化情況，通過對這(zhe)些電(dian)氣量的分析、比較，對分析處理事故、判斷保護是否正(zheng)確動(dong)作、提高電(dian)力(li)系統安全運行水平有(you)著重(zhong)要作用(yong)。

??7）事故(gu)追憶(yi)：能夠自動記錄事故(gu)時(shi)刻前后(hou)一段時(shi)間的所有實時(shi)穩態(tai)信息，包括(kuo)開關位置、 保護動作狀(zhuang)態(tai)、遙測量等，形成事故(gu)分析的數據基礎。

??8）曲(qu)線(xian)查詢(xun)：能夠查詢(xun)實時曲(qu)線(xian)和歷史曲(qu)線(xian)，包括三相(xiang)(xiang)電流、三相(xiang)(xiang)電壓(ya)、有(you)功(gong)功(gong)率、無(wu)功(gong)功(gong)率、功(gong)率因數(shu)等所有(you)遙測量。

??9）用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限管(guan)理：設置了用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限管(guan)理功能(neng)，通(tong)過(guo)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限管(guan)理能(neng)夠防(fang)止未經的操作(zuo)(zuo)（如(ru)遙控的操作(zuo)(zuo)，數據(ju)庫(ku)修(xiu)改等）。系統可以定義不(bu)同(tong)操作(zuo)(zuo)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限的權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限組(zu)(zu)(zu)（如(ru)管(guan)理員組(zu)(zu)(zu)、工程(cheng)師組(zu)(zu)(zu)、操作(zuo)(zuo)員組(zu)(zu)(zu)等），在每個權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)限組(zu)(zu)(zu)里分配不(bu)同(tong)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)，為系統運行、維護、管(guan)理提(ti)供(gong)可靠的安全保障(zhang)。

??10）網絡(luo)(luo)(luo)拓(tuo)撲圖(tu)：支持實時(shi)監視接入系統的各設(she)備的通訊狀態，能夠完整的顯示(shi)整個(ge)系統網絡(luo)(luo)(luo)結構；可在線診斷設(she)備通訊狀態，發生網絡(luo)(luo)(luo)異常時(shi)能自動(dong)在界面上顯示(shi)故障設(she)備或元件及其(qi)故障部位。

圖9 網絡拓撲圖

??11）遙控功能：根據電(dian)力(li)規程要求，可(ke)以對整個配電(dian)系(xi)統范(fan)圍內的設(she)備進行遠程遙控操作(zuo)。

??12）通信管(guan)理(li)：可(ke)以對整個(ge)配電系統范圍內的設備通信情況進(jin)行管(guan)理(li)、控制、數據的實時監測。

??5 現場安裝(zhuang)圖片

??本項目微機(ji)保(bao)護(hu)就地(di)分散(san)安裝在(zai)各個高壓(ya)開關柜上，保(bao)護(hu)裝置以及電能(neng)表現(xian)場安裝如下(xia)圖(tu)所(suo)示。

圖10 微機保護裝置以及電(dian)能表在鴻盛環保集團衢州項目配電(dian)工程現場安裝圖片

??6 結語

??在10kV電(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中(zhong)采用微(wei)(wei)機(ji)保(bao)護裝置是電(dian)(dian)網智(zhi)能化(hua)(hua)發展的(de)必然趨勢，它能夠反應一次設備的(de)故(gu)障(zhang)情(qing)況，并(bing)且能夠迅速地(di)(di)、可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)地(di)(di)、有選擇地(di)(di)將故(gu)障(zhang)設備從系統(tong)中(zhong)切除(chu)，保(bao)證*設備繼(ji)續(xu)正常運(yun)行(xing)(xing)，將事故(gu)限制(zhi)在小范圍內，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)系統(tong)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性，大(da)(da)限度地(di)(di)保(bao)證向用戶(hu)安全(quan)(quan)、連續(xu)供電(dian)(dian)。本文(wen)介紹的(de)AM5系列(lie)微(wei)(wei)機(ji)保(bao)護裝置，可(ke)(ke)以針對鴻盛環(huan)保(bao)集團(tuan)衢(qu)州項目配電(dian)(dian)工程中(zhong)不同(tong)保(bao)護對象(xiang)提供保(bao)護功(gong)能，并(bing)且通過電(dian)(dian)力監控系統(tong)采集相關(guan)遙(yao)測、遙(yao)信數據進行(xing)(xing)監控，能大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性、安全(quan)(quan)性、提高(gao)(gao)(gao)供電(dian)(dian)質量，有利于實現(xian)變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)綜合自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)，實現(xian)無人或少人值(zhi)班。